基于科学文献计量的国内针灸标准化研究进展与趋势分析

摘要：

【目的】分析1982—2023年国内有关针灸标准化的研究现状和发展趋势，为未来研究方向提供借鉴与思路。【方法】基于中国知网、万方与维普期刊数据库1982—2023年国内针灸标准化领域的研究文献，提取纳入文献的题名、作者、单位、文献来源、关键词、摘要、发表时间等信息建立数据库，借助CiteSpace对发文趋势、研究机构、合作网络、关键词共现与类聚等进行可视化分析。【结果】最终共纳入文献414篇。受标准化组织机构建设的推动，国内针灸标准化研究从2009年开始呈快速增长的趋势；研究机构的分布与合作呈现出区域性特征，主要聚集于华北地区，且其他地区研究力量薄弱，机构合作强度整体较低；国内针灸标准化研究经历了初期起步、系统布局、临床拓展3个阶段，研究内容由最初的针灸术语与腧穴定位标准，转向由方法学驱动、规范操作为目的的针灸标准的系统性制定，再逐步向临床效果验证、诊疗质量保障等方向过渡。【结论】1982—2023年针灸标准化研究主要集中在针灸标准体系、腧穴标准化、针灸标准评价方法等方面；后续研究应在针灸术语、灸法标准化、针灸临床实践指南等方面进行拓展，以促进我国针灸标准化研究领域的高质量发展。

Abstract:

[Objective] The study aims to analyze the research status and development trend of acupuncture standardization in China from 1982 to 2023, so as to provide reference and ideas for future research. [Methods] Based on the research literature in the field of acupuncture standardization from 1982 to 2023, a database was established by extracting the title, author, institution, literature source, key words, abstract, publication time and other information of the included literature. CiteSpace was used to visually analyze the publication trend, research institutions, cooperation networks, keyword cooccurrence and clustering. [Results] A total of 414 articles were included. Driven by the construction of standardization organizations, the research on standardization of acupuncture in China has shown a rapid growth trend since 2009. The distribution and cooperation of research institutions showed regional characteristics, mainly concentrated in North China, and the research strength in other regions was weak, and the overall strength of institutional cooperation was low. The domestic research on acupuncture standardization has gone through three stages: initial starting, systematic layout and clinical expansion. The research content has changed from the initial acupuncture terminology and acupoint positioning standards to the systematic development of acupuncture standards driven by methodology and for the purpose of standardized operation, and then gradually transitioned to clinical effect verification and quality guarantee of diagnosis and treatment. [Conclusion] From 1982 to 2023, the research on acupuncture standardization mainly focuses on the standards system of acupuncture, the standardization of acupoints, and the evaluation methods of acupuncture standards. The followup research should be expanded in terms of acupuncture terminology, standardization of moxibustion methods, and clinical practice guidelines of acupuncture, so as to promote the high-quality development of the standardization research field of acupuncture in China. 

引用格式：赵璟,张树剑.基于科学文献计量的国内针灸标准化研究进展与趋势分析[J].标准科学,2025(5):46-54.

基金项目：本文受中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目“针灸人文学术发展与学科建设研究”（项目编号：ZZ-2023001）；国家重点研发计划“中医药现代化”重点专项项目“经脉功能的脑表征与脏腑调控的知识图谱构建”（课题编号：2022YFC3500505）资助。 

作者简介：赵璟，博士研究生，研究方向为科技政策与管理、东亚针灸标准化。 张树剑，通信作者，博士，教授，研究方向为医学技术史、科学技术与社会。