基于室内铺装 PVC 地板的可迁移元素和邻苯二甲酸酯有害物质检测与标准分析

摘要：

【目的】研究现行标准尚未对聚氯乙烯地板中可迁移元素和邻苯二甲酸酯进行限量的安全问题。【方法】通过对现有国内外标准中同类项目的梳理和相关检验方法的总结。对30组样品进行8种可迁移元素和6种邻苯二甲酸酯的检测。【结果】可迁移元素锑、汞和硒含量均为未检出；钡元素均检出，且含量相比其他元素较高；铅元素均检出，含量低于钡；砷、镉和铬含量均有不同批次的结果大于检出限。邻苯二甲酸酯DNOP、DINP和DIDP这3种物质均检出较高的含量。【结论】聚氯乙烯地板样品中可迁移元素是值得关注的有害物质，邻苯二甲酸酯是需要特别关注的有害物质。

Abstract:

[Objective] The study aims to examine safety concerns stemming from the absence of limits for migratable elements and phthalates in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) flooring as per current standards. [Methods] This paper delves into relevant domestic and international standards and summarizes pertinent testing methodologies. A total of 30 samples were tested for eight migratable elements and six phthalates. [Results] The findings reveal that antimony, mercury, and selenium were absent, while barium was present in all samples at relatively higher concentrations than other elements. Lead was also detected in all samples but at concentrations lower than those of barium. Additionally, varying batches exhibited arsenic, cadmium, and chromium levels exceeding the detection limit. Notably, significant quantities of the phthalates DNOP, DINP, and DIDP were detected. [Conclusion] Consequently, migratable elements in PVC flooring samples pose notable health risks, with phthalates meriting particular scrutiny as potentially harmful substances. 

引用格式：崔倩倩，孙振西，王作亦，等.基于室内铺装PVC地板的可迁移元素和邻苯二甲酸酯有害物质检测与标准分析[J].标准科学，2025(4):120-126.

基金项目：本文受山东省产品质量检验研究院院储备项目“基于人造板及其制品甲醛释放量检测的数字化检验智能融合系统研究”（项目编号：2024ZJKY0008）、“建材家居产品检测中心科研创新团队”项目（项目编号：20240901）资助。 

作者简介：崔倩倩，硕士，工程师，研究方向为装饰装修材料、家具和人造板检测。 郑焕祺，通信作者，博士，高级工程师，研究方向为绿色建筑能源与环境系统。