低温装备产业标准体系的研究与构建

摘要：

【目的】低温装备产业发展迅猛，近年取得了突破性进展，在液氦温度千瓦级和超流氦温度百瓦级领域打破了国外长期垄断，形成了具有自主知识产权的技术和装备，相关技术标准缺失、产业总体框架不清晰等问题制约了产业进一步发展。【方法】基于低温装备产业发展现状及标准需求，以产品生产序列为主维度，遵循全面性、科学性、前沿性、适用性原则，建立了低温装备产业标准体系，形成了体系框架和明细表。【结果】通过分析现有标准薄弱之处，提出了低温装备产业关键标准制修订建议及标准体系建设和实施建议，建议制定标准多集中在超低温装备、制造工艺、运输贮存方面。【结论】相关研究结果为提升低温装备产业相关企业标准化水平、加快核心技术标准化进程提供借鉴参考。

Abstract:

[Objective] The cryogenic equipment industry has developed rapidly and made breakthrough in recent years. It has broken the long-term monopoly of foreign countries in the fields of kilowatt level liquid helium temperature and hundred watt level superfluid helium temperature, and formed technology and equipment with independent intellectual property rights. However, the lack of relevant technical standards and unclear overall industrial framework have constrained the further development of the industry. [Methods] Therefore, based on the current development status and standard requirements of the cryogenic equipment industry, takes product production sequence as the main dimension, follows the principles of comprehensiveness, scientificity, cutting-edge, and applicability, establishes a standards system of the cryogenic equipment industry, forms a system framework and detailed table. [Results] It also analyzes the weaknesses of existing standards, proposes suggestions for the development of key standards and the construction and implementation of the standards system for the cryogenic equipment industry, and suggests that the development of such standards should focus more on ultracryogenic equipment, manufacturing processes, transportation and storage. [Conclusions] The relevant research results provide reference for improving the standardization level of enterprises in the cryogenic equipment industry and accelerating the standardization process of core technologies. 

引用格式：叶俊文,陈淑曲.低温装备产业标准体系的研究与构建[J]. 标准科学,2025(3):99-105.

基金项目：本文受国家市场监督管理总局科技项目“基于可视化的精密真空镀膜装备竞争技术甄选与产业标准化研究”（项目编号：2020MK082）资助。 

作者简介：叶俊文，高级工程师，研究方向为标准化、数据科学、项目管理。