国际性专业标准组织国际化实践及对上海的启示

摘要：

【目的】分析国际性专业标准组织采用开放式标准制定机制开展国际化运作、提升国际影响力的经验做法，研究上海市推进标准国际化的机遇和挑战，并提出相应的对策建议。【方法】通过文献法、案例分析法和调研分析法，选取ASTM International、IEEE、UL、3GPP等国际影响力强的国际性专业标准组织为研究对象，对其标准制定程序、国际定位、会员制度等进行调查研究，对上海市标准国际化的机遇与困难进行调研分析，为我国标准组织国际化运作提供参考依据。【结果】最后，提出推动建立开放式的标准制定与实施机制、为标准制定机构提供国际化运作服务、加强国际标准化人才教育与培养、培育国际性专业标准组织等4方面建议。【结论】本文充分考虑产业技术标准协同发展的实际需求，并首次提出建议制定标准组织国际化运作指南，对于促进和提升上海及我国标准组织及标准成果的开放性和影响力、推进更高水平制度型开放具有重要意义。

Abstract:

[Objective] This paper analyzes the experiences and practices of international standards organizations in adopting an open standards development methodology to conduct international operations and enhance their global influence. Furthermore, the paper studies the opportunities and challenges encountered by Shanghai in the internationalization of standards, and proposes corresponding recommendations and measures. [Method] Through literature review method, case study method and research analysis method, this paper selects international professional standards organizations with strong international influence, such as ASTM International, IEEE, UL, 3GPP, as the research objects, conducts investigation and study on their standards development procedures, international positioning, membership systems, etc., and conducts research on the opportunities and difficulties of Shanghai’s internationalization of standards, so as to provide reference for the international operations of China’s standards organizations. [Result] Finally, it puts forward suggestions, including promoting the establishment of an open standards development and implementation mechanism, providing international operation services for standards organizations, strengthening the education and cultivation of international standardization talents, and cultivating international professional standards organizations. [Conclusion] This paper fully considers the actual needs of the coordinated development of industry, technology and standards and proposes for the first time to formulate guidelines for the international operation of standards organizations, which is of great significance for enhancing the openness and influence of Shanghai and China’s standards organizations and standards achievements, and advancing a higher level of institutional opening up. 

引用格式：张笑雪,施琴.国际性专业标准组织国际化实践及对上海的启示[J].标准科学,2025(1):59-63.

基金项目：本文受上海市市场监督管理局科技项目（项目编号：2024-59）资助。 

作者简介： 张笑雪，大学本科，助理工程师，主要从事国际和美洲区域标准化研究工作。 施琴，硕士，正高级工程师，主要从事国际标准化、质量和标准化研究工作。