中国团体标准（2015—2024 年）发展特征与趋势研究

摘要：

【目的】分析我国团体标准十年间的发展特征与趋势，探讨其在推动经济社会发展中的作用，并提出优化发展策略的建议。【方法】采用词频与趋势分析方法，结合Python编程和Jieba中文分词工具，对来源于全国团体标准信息平台已发布的十万余项团体标准进行分析，探究其发展特征、问题与挑战。【结果】研究发现，团体标准的发展呈现出阶段性特征，即初期聚焦基础性需求，中期关注技术创新与转型升级，后期则更加注重高端制造与行业标准化需求。民政部注册团体发布的团体标准在智能化、数字化等前沿技术领域具有显著优势，而地方民政部门注册的团体发布的团体标准则在农业、生态和民生服务领域表现突出。然而，团体标准在快速发展中也暴露出了一些定位问题与质量问题。【结论】从团体标准十年间发展特征来看，当前须正视发展中的问题，解决发展中的乱象，在数据治理、定位校准、价值导向等方面优化治理模式，向更加优质规范的方向发展。

Abstract:

[Objective] This study aims to analyze the development characteristics and trends of association standards in China over the past decade, explore their role in promoting economic and social development, and propose strategies for optimizing their future development. [Methods] Adopting a hierarchical perspective, this research employs word frequency and trend analysis methods, utilizing Python programming and the Jieba Chinese word segmentation tool. The study analyzes over 100,000 association standards published on the National Association Standards Information Platform to examine their development patterns, challenges, and key issues. [Results] The findings reveal that the development of association standards has evolved in distinct stages: the initial stage addressed basic needs; the middle stage emphasized technological innovation and industrial upgrading; and the recent stage has focused more on high-end manufacturing and sector-specific standardization. Association standards issued by nationally registered associations exhibit notable advantages in cuttingedge areas such as intelligent technologies and digitalization, while those issued by locally registered associations perform prominently in agriculture, ecological protection, and public services. Nonetheless, the rapid growth of association standards has exposed issues related to unclear positioning, inconsistent quality, and a lack of coordination with national standards. [Conclusion] In light of the observed development patterns over the past ten years, it is essential to acknowledge and address emerging problems, regulate disorderly practices, and improve governance models in areas such as data governance, role positioning, and value orientation. These steps are vital to guiding association standards toward higher-quality and more standardized development. 

引用格式：王运平，许丹，郑素丽，等.中国团体标准（2015—2024年）发展特征与趋势研究[J]. 标准科学，2025(8):6-15.

基金项目：本文受国家社会科学基金青年项目“‘稳链’目标下我国产业链上下游标准衔接的机理分析及促进策略研究”（项目编号：22CGL002）资助。 

作者简介：王运平，硕士研究生，研究方向为标准治理。 许丹，通信作者，博士，讲师，研究方向为标准化理论。 郑素丽，博士，教授，研究方向为标准与创新。 赵罗伊芳，硕士研究生，研究方向为标准化。