世贸组织技术性贸易壁垒治理三十年演进与2024年改革实践

摘要：

【目的】梳理TBT治理体系的历史脉络与2024年度实践，揭示其前沿趋势，为全球标准治理提供经验参考。【方法】以《技术性贸易壁垒协定》（Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade，简称TBT协定）签署三十周年及2024年关键节点为背景，系统梳理相关内容，重点关注世贸组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会在制度创新、工具升级与治理深化等方面的实践。【结果】明确了TBT协定已成为全球贸易规则体系的重要支柱；2024年作为协定实施三十周年关键节点，世贸组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会在监管合作、透明度建设、合格评定等领域通过制度创新、工具升级与治理深化取得突破性进展；同时梳理出TBT治理体系存在数字工具赋能、发展成员能力建设及新兴技术标准协调等前沿趋势。【结论】梳理出的TBT治理体系相关内容及前沿趋势，可为全球标准治理提供经验参考。

Abstract:

[Objective] The study analyzes the historical context of TBT governance system and its practice in 2024, reveals its cutting-edge trends, and provides experience reference for global standard governance. [Methods] Against the backdrop of the 30th anniversary of the signing of the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) and key milestones in 2024, this paper systematically reviews relevant content, with a focus on the practice of the WTO Technical Barriers to Trade Committee in institutional innovation, tool upgrading, and governance deepening. [Results] The TBT agreement has become an important pillar of the global trade rules system. In 2024, as a key milestone for the 30th anniversary of the implementation of the agreement, the WTO Technical Barriers to Trade Committee has made breakthrough progress in regulatory cooperation, transparency construction, and qualification assessment through institutional innovation, tool upgrading, and governance deepening. At the same time, it is identified that the TBT governance system has cutting-edge trends such as digital tool empowerment, member capacity building, and coordination of emerging technology standards. [Conclusion] The relevant content and cutting-edge trends of the TBT governance system found by the study can provide experience reference for global standard governance.

引用格式：王淼,张明,徐丹丹.世贸组织技术性贸易壁垒治理三十年演进与2024年改革实践[J].标准科学,2026(1):108-113.

基金项目：本文受市场监管总局科技计划项目（项目编号：2023JK193）；中国标准化研究院基本科研业务费项目（项目编号：292023Y-10407）资助。 作者简介：王淼，本科，研究实习员，研究方向为技术性贸易措施。张明，硕士，副研究馆员，研究方向为标准化。徐丹丹，硕士，研究实习员，研究方向为标准知识管理与服务。