我国专利开放许可制度的现存问题与对策研究

摘要：

【目的】针对我国专利开放许可制度在实践中出现的声明与要约规则不协调、许可费定价僵化及变价机制缺失等问题，旨在优化制度设计，提升其促进专利转化的效能。【方法】通过解析制度的规范要件与现存问题，结合比较法研究，分析现存问题成因，从规则调和、机制构建等方面探索优化路径。【结果】构建与要约规则相协调的开放许可声明内容，设置“自主协商为主、强制许可与反垄断为辅”的灵活定价机制，并建立合理的动态变价程序。【结论】通过优化举措以破解制度运行僵化困局，充分发挥专利开放许可制度降低交易成本的作用，助力专利技术转化与创新发展。

Abstract:

[Objective] In view of the problems arising in the practice of China’s patent open licensing system, such as the inconsistency between declarations and offer rules, the rigidity of licensing fee pricing, and the lack of a price adjustment mechanism, this study aims to optimize the system design and enhance its effectiveness in promoting patent commercialization. [Methods] By analyzing the normative elements of the system and existing problems, combined with comparative law research, this study explores the causes of the current issues and probes into optimization paths from aspects such as rule coordination and mechanism construction. [Results] The study proposes the content of open licensing declarations that are compatible with offer rules, establishing a flexible pricing mechanism featuring “independent negotiation as the mainstay, supplemented by compulsory licensing and anti-monopoly measures”, and formulating reasonable dynamic price adjustment procedures. [Conclusion] The optimization measures can break the rigidity in the operation of the system, give full play to the role of the patent open licensing system in reducing transaction costs, and contribute to the commercialization of patent technologies and innovative development.

引用格式：王轶茹.我国专利开放许可制度的现存问题与对策研究[J].标准科学,2026(1):42-49.

基金项目：本文受国家社会科学基金2021年度一般项目“新一轮知识产权国际争端解决机制的变革与重构及我国的因应对策研究”（项目编号：21BFX101）资助。

作者简介：王轶茹，硕士研究生，研究方向为知识产权法学。