共享经济审核标准与法规话语建构中的权力规制

摘要：

【目的】在共享经济快速发展背景下，平台审核义务已经成为数字治理的重要话题。本文以GB/T 45263—2025《共享经济 数字平台资源供给者审核指南》为核心文本，分析规范性文件在权责划分与制度执行中的作用。【方法】通过梳理分析《中华人民共和国个人信息保护法》《中华人民共和国电子商务法》《中华人民共和国反不正当竞争法》等相关法律条文，并以GB/T 45263—2025《共享经济 数字平台资源供给者审核指南》等柔性标准和相关行业政策为研究对象，应用批判性话语分析与法律文本分析方法，对比不同规范性文件中具体条款指向、语词表达及落实方式。【结果】研究发现，我国共享经济治理体系形成以硬法确立底线约束、以柔性标准细化执行路径、以配套政策协作执行的多层机制结构。【结论】共享经济治理体系在提升合规可操作性的同时，在规范性文本层面呈现出平台解释权扩大、标准制定不够透明、缺乏有效的公共监督机制等特征。建议加强法律底线功能，完善法律与标准的衔接机制，建立柔性标准制定的公开与追责制度，提高行业协会和供给者的参与度，以推动共享经济治理体系兼顾法治化与灵活性，实现平台经济的规范与可持续发展。

Abstract:

[Objective] With the rapid rise of the sharing economy, platforms’ vetting duties have become a central issue in digital governance. To clarify how laws, standards, and policies interact and how power operates within China’s governance framework, this study uses GB/T 45263-2025 as the core text to examine how normative instruments shape responsibility allocation and implementation . [Methods] By reviewing key statutes, flexible standards, and sectoral policies, and applying critical discourse analysis and legal text analysis, the study compares directive focus, language features, and implementation logic across normative documents. [Results] The governance system forms a multi-layer structure where hard law sets baseline constraints, flexible standards refine operational pathways, and policies coordinate supporting mechanisms. [Conclusion] While improving compliance operability, the system, at the level of normative texts, exhibits institutional tendencies toward expanded platform discretion, limited transparency in standard-setting, and insufficient embedding of public oversight mechanisms. It is recommended to strengthen the baseline role of law, enhance linkages between laws and standards, institutionalize open and accountable processes for flexible standards, and improve participation by industry associations and providers to balance legality and flexibility and support sustainable platform economy development.

引用格式：李佳伦，张晓萌. 共享经济审核标准与法规话语建构中的权力规制[J]. 标准化学报，2026(5): 6-15, 75.

基金项目：本文受国家重点研发计划重点专项课题“互联网新业态广告智能化监管新范式研究”（项目编号：2023YFC3305001）资助。

作者简介：李佳伦，博士，副研究员，研究方向为新媒体法学、互联网治理。张晓萌，博士研究生，研究方向为互联网治理。