美国战争部《数字标准战略》主要特征及对我国的启示

摘要：

【目的】在对美国战争部《数字标准战略》的出台背景、主要内容进行梳理和分析的基础上，明确其主要特征，提炼其对我国推进军事及更广泛工业领域标准数字化转型的启示。【方法】采用政策文本分析、文献研究与比较归纳相结合的方法，对美国数字标准战略的指导原则、关键考量和实施路径进行系统梳理，并从制度设计、技术路线、生态构建与风险治理等维度进行综合分析。【结果】该战略围绕“指导原则—实施路径—风险防控”构建了较为完整的制度框架，形成了由人类可读向机器可读、再向机器可解释演进的数字化路径。该战略强调以XML等结构化格式夯实机器可读基础，以模型化表达推动机器可解释深化应用，并同步推进跨部门协作、平台升级、人才培养以及知识产权和安全治理，旨在将传统标准由静态文本转变为可嵌入数字工程流程的结构化、语义化数字资产。【结论】我国应从国家层面加强数字标准顶层设计，统筹推进标准数字化关键技术攻关、开放协同生态培育、系统平台研发及风险防控体系构建，加快形成自主可控、开 放兼容的数字标准生成和应用体系，为国防现代化和新型工业化提供有力支撑。

Abstract:

[Objective] By reviewing and analyzing the background and main contents of the U.S. Department of War Digital Standards Strategy, this study identifies its key characteristics and draws implications for promoting the digital transformation of standards in China’s military sector and more broadly in industrial fields. [Methods] This study adopts a combination of policy text analysis, literature review, and comparative induction to systematically examine the guiding principles, key considerations, and implementation paths of the strategy, and to assess it from the perspectives of institutional design, technological roadmap, ecosystem building, and risk governance. [Results] The findings show that the strategy establishes a relatively complete framework centered on guiding principles, implementation pathways, and risk control, and defines a progressive transition from human-readable standards to machine-readable and further to machine-interpretable standards. It emphasizes the use of structured formats such as XML to support machine readability, promotes model-based representation to advance machine interpretability, and simultaneously strengthens inter-agency coordination, platform modernization, talent development, intellectual property management, and security assurance. In essence, the strategy seeks to transform traditional standards from static documents into structured and semantic digital assets that can be embedded into digital engineering processes. [Conclusion] China should strengthen the top-level design of digital standards at the national level, advance in a coordinated manner key technological breakthroughs in standard digitalization, the cultivation of an open and collaborative ecosystem, the development of system platforms, and the building of a risk prevention and control framework, and accelerate the formation of an autonomous, controllable, open, and compatible system for the generation and application of digital standards, so as to provide strong support for national defense modernization and new industrialization.

引用格式：孙红军, 黄菊秀, 杜洋. 美国战争部《数字标准战略》主要特征及对我国的启示[J]. 标准化学报，2026(8)：133-140.

基金项目：本文受国家市场监督管理总局科技计划项目“标准语义知识智能构建方法与技术研究”（项目编号：2025MK212）；中国标准化研究院基本科研业务费项目“认证规则数字化关键技术研究”（项目编号：252026Y-13949）资助。

作者简介：孙红军，博士，副研究员，研究方向为标准数字化。 黄菊秀，硕士，助理研究员，研究方向为认证数字化。 杜洋，硕士，工程师，研究方向为标准化战略。