标准化与个性化的辩证统一：智慧课程建设中出版角色的学理重构

摘要：

【目的】针对智慧课程建设中存在的标准化与个性化教学的价值矛盾，深化对“标准化”概念的学理阐释，破除二者的对立认知，探索教育出版机构在知识基础设施构建中的职能转型路径。【方法】通过概念解析与体系化设计，将智慧课程标准化的核心定位为“互操作性”而非“统一化”，构建以元数据标准体系建立、内容与结构松耦合设计、专家知识库与学生问题库协同建设为技术支撑的底层架构，结合出版机构从内容供应商向知识基础设施建设者的角色转变进行逻辑论证。【结果】标准化与个性化存在辩证统一关系。标准化基础越坚实，个性化应用越充分。教育出版机构通过参与元数据标准制定、提炼转化隐性教学智慧，形成可共享、可适配、可演进的公共知识资源，为个性化教学实践奠定基础。【结论】本研究阐明了智慧课程建设中标准化与个性化的协同机制，明确指出标准化建设的核心任务是构建支撑差异化发展的技术基础设施，而非简单规范统一流程，为多主体协同推进智慧课程高质量发展提供了理论支撑与实践指引。

Abstract:

[Objective] Addressing the value conflict between standardization and personalized teaching in smart course development, this study aims to deepen the theoretical interpretation of the concept of “standardization”, dispel the perceived opposition between the two, and explore pathways for functional transformation of educational publishing institutions in constructing knowledge infrastructure. [Methods] Through conceptual analysis and systematic design, the core focus of smart course standardization was defined as “interoperability” rather than “uniformity”. A foundational architecture was established, supported by a metadata standards system, loosely coupled content and structure designs, and collaborative development of expert knowledge bases and student question banks. The study also logically demonstrates how publishing institutions can transition from content providers to knowledge infrastructure builders. [Results] The research reveals a dialectical unity between standardization and personalization: the more robust the standardization foundation is, the more fully personalized applications can be implemented. By participating in metadata standardization and transforming implicit teaching insights, educational publishers can develop shareable, adaptable, and evolving public knowledge resources that underpin personalized teaching practices. [Conclusion] This study elucidates the synergistic mechanism between standardization and personalization in smart course development, emphasizing that the core task of standardization is to establish technical infrastructure supporting differentiated development rather than merely regulating uniform processes. It provides both theoretical foundations and practical guidance for the collaborative advancement of high-quality smart courses across multiple stakeholders.

引用格式：田勇，陈晓翠. 标准化与个性化的辩证统一：智慧课程建设中出版角色的学理重构[J]. 标准化学报，2026（9）：37-44.

基金项目：本文受全国高等学校文科学报研究会编辑学研究课题“高校人文社科期刊在跨文化传播中构建国际话语体系的特色路径与创新”（项目编号：PY2025102）资助。

作者简介：田勇，博士，博士后，副研究员，硕士生导师，研究方向为期刊管理、版权产业等。陈晓翠，通信作者，博士，讲师，研究方向为高等教育。