中国和斯里兰卡红茶进出口现状及标准互认基础探讨

摘要：

【目的】红茶是全球消费量最大的茶叶品类，是中国与斯里兰卡两国对外贸易中的关键农产品，在全球茶叶供应链和市场格局中发挥着不可替代的作用。本研究以促进两国标准衔接与互认、破除贸易壁垒为目标，推动中斯红茶贸易高质量发展，为实现红茶产业协同升级提供理论依据。【方法】通过对比中斯红茶进出口贸易统计数据，分析双方红茶贸易的整体规模、产品结构特征以及主要市场分布情况；对比红茶标准中理化、农残以及安全卫生等具体指标与限量，找出共性和差别。【结果】厘清两国红茶标准中的共性和关键差异指标，反映标准的不同侧重点，指出我国标准中缺失指标可能造成潜在贸易风险。【结论】建议对无本质冲突的基础指标优先开展互认，对差异较大的指标，通过开展检测机构合作、检测人员交流、检测方法和结果认可等进一步推动双方标准协同衔接。

Abstract:

[Objective] As the most widely consumed tea categories globally, black tea serves as a critical agricultural commodity in the foreign trade of both China and Sri Lanka, playing an irreplaceable role in the global black tea supply chain and market landscape. This study aims to promote the alignment and mutual recognition of standards between the two countries and to remove trade barriers, thereby providing a theoretical basis for advancing the high-quality development of China–Sri Lanka black tea trade and achieving synergistic upgrading of the black tea industry. [Methods] The overall scale, product structure and major market distribution of China and Sri Lanka black tea trade are analyzed by comparing trade statistics. To identify commonalities and discrepancies, this study also conducts a comparative analysis of criteria and tolerance limits in black tea standards—covering physicochemical properties, pesticide residues, and safety and hygiene requirements. [Results] By clarifying the commonalities and critical differences in black tea standards between China and Sri Lanka, this study reveals the divergent regulatory priorities and highlights the potential trade risks posed by the lack of criteria in China's standards. [Conclusion] It is recommended that mutual recognition starts from basic criteria without substantive conflicts. For criteria exhibiting significant differences, further synergy and alignment of standards should be advanced through cooperation among testing bodies, exchange of testing personnel, and mutual acceptance of testing methods and results.

引用格式：李新宇，陈泽历，兰珊珊，等. 中国和斯里兰卡红茶进出口现状及标准互认基础探讨[J]. 标准化学报，2026(10)：161-171.

基金项目：本文受云南省科技厅重点研发计划-建设面向南亚东南亚科技创新中心专项“云南省中斯农产品质量与安全分析国际联合研发中心”（项目编号:202403API40028）资助。

作者简介：李新宇，硕士，助理研究员，研究方向为农产品质量安全与品质评价。邵金良，通信作者，硕士，研究员，研究方向为农产品质量安全与品质评价。