我国焊接领域团体标准发展与需求分析

摘要：

【目的】为明确团体标准在我国焊接标准体系中的功能定位和后续布局重点，分析焊接领域团体标准的发展基础、结构特征、主要短板及标准需求，为“十五五”时期焊接团体标准体系优化和重点项目策划提供依据。【方法】综合采用政策文本分析、标准台账统计、产业需求关联分析和文献综述等方法，梳理《中华人民共和国标准化法》《国家标准化发展纲要》等制度要求，统计中国机械工程学会焊接分会（以下简称“焊接分会”）2024—2025年已发布团体标准和2026年新立项标准，并结合新能源汽车、工业机器人、船舶海工、清洁能源等下游产业数据研判标准需求。【结果】截至2025年底，焊接分会已发布团体标准24项，另有新立项标准8项，合计形成32项标准供给和储备；其中测试方法类15项，占46.9%，检测评价类和装备系统类标准合计20项，占62.5%，数字智能类和绿色安全类各2项，合计仅占12.5%（上述统计分别对应“标准类型”和“标准化对象”2个维度，相关比例不作合计）。现有标准已经形成“发布—储备—滚动策划”的工作格局，但基础通用、数字智能、绿色安全和行业应用类标准供给不足。【结论】焊接领域团体标准应由单项方法标准供给转向“材料与工艺—装备与系统—检测与评价—绿色与安全—行业应用”协同布局，并将试验验证、实施反馈、标准培优、采信转化和国际对接纳入全生命周期管理，以提升标准质量、应用效果和向高层级转化的能力。

Abstract:

[Objective] To clarify the functional positioning of association standards within China’s welding standards system and the key focus of future layout, this study analyzes the development foundation, structural characteristics, main shortcomings, and standard demands of association standards in the welding field, providing a basis for optimizing the welding association standards system and planning key projects during the 15th Five-Year Plan period. [Methods] A combination of policy document analysis, standard ledger statistics, industry demand correlation analysis, and literature review was used to sort out the institutional requirements of the Standardization Law and the National Standardization Development Outline, to compile statistics on association standards already released by the Welding Branch of the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society (hereinafter referred to as the “Welding Branch”) for 2024–2025 and newly proposed standards for 2026, and to evaluate standard demands in conjunction with downstream industries such as new energy vehicles, industrial robots, ship and offshore engineering, and clean energy. [Results] As of the end of 2025, the Welding Branch had issued 24 association standards, with another 8 newly proposed standards, providing a total of 32 standards; among these, 15 are testing method standards, accounting for 46.9%, while inspection evaluation and equipment system standards total 20, accounting for 62.5%. There are 2 digital intelligence and 2 green safety standards, totaling only 12.5% (the above statistics correspond to the dimensions of “standard type” and “standardization object” respectively, and the related proportions are not summed). The existing standards have formed a working structure of 'release—reserve—rolling planning,' but there are insufficiencies in the provision of basic universal, digital intelligence, green safety, and industry application standards. [Conclusion] Association standards in the welding field should shift from single-method standard provision to a coordinated layout of “materials and processes—equipment and systems—inspection and evaluation—green and safety—industry applications”, and incorporate experimental verification, implementation feedback, standard cultivation, adoption and transformation, and international alignment into full lifecycle management in order to improve standard quality, application effectiveness, and capacity for advancement to higher levels.

引用格式：曹宇堃，吕晓春，袁俊瑞，等. 我国焊接领域团体标准发展与需求分析[J]. 标准化学报，2026(10)：82-93.

基金项目：本文受2025年全国学会高质量发展试点专项“中国机械工程学会项目”资助。

作者简介：曹宇堃，硕士，工程师，研究方向为焊接领域的工程管理和相关标准化。吕晓春，通信作者，博士，研究员，研究方向为新型钎焊材料开发和相关标准化。