既有建筑加装电梯相关标准术语研究与建议

摘要：

随着社会经济发展和人口老龄化趋势的加剧，既有建筑为适应居住便利性需求而加装电梯的实践日益增多。然而，相关的标准术语存在着较大的混乱和不一致性，这限制了行业内的有效沟通和理解，对规范操作流程和提升工程质量造成了障碍。为促进统一标准化的术语体系，提升既有建筑加装电梯行业的理论和实践水平，对我国既有建筑加装电梯的相关标准术语进行了系统性研究。通过检索标准网站、专家访谈以及反向检索等方法，共识别出40部相关标准文献。在详细分析既有建筑加装电梯标准术语后，提炼出了272条中文术语及其英文对照，并对其词频、音节结构和构词方式进行了统计与分析。研究发现存在建筑类型不够精准、术语概念不够明晰、英文翻译不够规范等问题。针对这些问题，提出了术语标准化的建议，包括清晰定义建筑类型、图示明确术语概念、规范英文术语翻译等。

Abstract:

With the advancement of socio-economic development and the intensification of an aging population, adding retrofitting elevators in existing buildings to accommodate the need for convenience in living has become increasingly common. However, the standard terminology associated with this practice is marked by significant confusion and inconsistency, hindering effective communication and understanding within the industry, and posing obstacles to standardizing operational procedures and improving project quality. To promote a unified and standardized terminology system and enhance the theoretical and practical levels of the elevator retrofitting industry for existing buildings in China, a systematic study was conducted on relevant standard terminology. Through methods such as standard website searches, expert interviews, and reverse searches, 40 related standard documents were identified. After an in-depth analysis of standard terminology related to retrofitting elevators in existing buildings, a collection of 272 Chinese terminologies along with their English counterparts was extracted, with a statistical analysis of word frequency, syllable structure, and word formation methods. The study identified problems such as insufficient precision in building types, unclear terminology concepts, and non-standardized English translations. To address these issues, suggestions for terminology standardization are proposed, including clarifying building types, illustrating terminology concepts explicitly, and standardizing the translations of English terminology.

基金项目：本文受成都市住房与城乡建设局委托项目“成都市既有住宅自主增设电梯技术管理规定编制服务采购项目”（项目编号：N5101012022001493）；国家自然科学基金青年项目“基于可视化仿真的老旧社区老年人应急避难无障碍设计研究”（项目编号：52308036）；四川外国语言文学研究中心重点项目“中国传统建筑技术术语英译研究”（项目编号：SCWY22-01）；四川休闲体育产业发展研究中心一般项目“公园城市背景下的适老化社区体育公园设计研究”（项目编号：XXTYCY2023C02）资助。

作者简介：丁玎，通信作者，博士，系主任，副教授，主要从事建筑术语研究。汪灏，博士，教授，主要从事物权法研究。秦媛媛，博士，讲师，主要从事无障碍设计研究。