电力传感技术标准化体系与协同治理研究

摘要：

【目的】面向以新能源为主体的新型电力系统对全局可观测、智能可控的需求，提出“三层四域”电力传感技术标准化体系，并给出协同治理的实施路径。【方法】系统梳理国内外电力传感技术标准现状，构建覆盖“发—输—变—配—用”全链条的三层（基础层—技术层—应用层）四域（源—网—荷—储）框架；明确量子传感、MEMS传感、光纤传感与低功耗通信等子领域的标准路线，提出接口、数据模型、时间同步与安全防护的统一要求；结合典型场景开展对比分析与试点验证，形成实施流程与效果评价指标。【结果】建立术语—量值映射矩阵与标准族目录，给出一致性测试与认证流程及场景化指标表；结果显示，该标准体系显著提升传感网络的互操作性、测量可靠性与响应时效性，并明确关键标准空白领域与优先优化方向。【结论】通过涵盖术语与计量溯源、性能测试、接口与数据模型、安全防护等方面的成体系标准，以及政府、产业、企业等多方协同治理，可增强传感网络的一致性、安全性与可扩展性，支撑新型电力系统建设与碳达峰碳中和目标的实现，并为标准国际化与动态更新提供路径。

Abstract:

[Objective] To address the new power system’s requirements for comprehensive observability and intelligent con-trol, this paper proposes a power sensing technology standardization system with three layers across four domains, combined with a collaborative governance strategy. [Methods] The study systematically reviews relevant standards both domestically and internationally. Building on this, the study develops a framework covering the generation, grid, load, and storage domains at foundational, technical, and application layers. The framework incorporates var-ious subfields such as quantum sensing, MEMS sensing, optical fiber sensing, and low-power communication. The study further defines unified interfaces, data models, time synchronization mechanisms, and security requirements. In addition, it performs comparative analyses and case-based validation. Finally, it develops metrics to evaluate implementation effectiveness.[Results] The study establishes a mapping matrix linking terminology and metrics and compiles a catalog of standard families. Additionally, it provides implementation workflows accompanied by scenario-specific indicator tables. A pilot implementation indicated that the proposed standards system enhances interoperability, boosts measurement reliability, and reduces latency. The tests also uncover key gaps and help pri-oritize areas for further optimization. [Conclusion] The findings indicate that a robust standards system, combined with multi-stakeholder collaborative governance, can greatly improve the consistency, security, and scalability of power sensing networks. This in turn supports the development of the new power system and helps in achieving the dual carbon goals. It also lays out a clear pathway for internationalizing standards and keeping them dynami-cally updated.

引用格式：王冠鹰，白巍，梁先锋，等 .电力传感技术标准化体系与协同治理研究 [J]. 标准科学，2026 (4)：58-68 .

基金项目：本文受国家电网有限公司总部科技项目“复杂工况下磁敏传感及环境取能材料、器件耐候性评测技术研究”（项目编号：5500-202358769A-3-6-ZX）资助。

作者简介：王冠鹰，博士，高级工程师，研究方向为电力传感技术。